You have two ways to install Joomla components/modules from the Joomla administrator's panel.
1. Upload and install with Joomla's admin panel:
Login administrator's panel --> Extension --> Install/uninstall --> Upload the component's archive file using the Browse button.
2. Upload with FTP and install with Joomla's admin panel:
First unzip the packet in your local computer, then upload the packet folder to the server using FTP.
After upload, login administrator's panel --> Extension --> Install/uninstall --> Install from Directory --> Type in the full path of your packet folder --> install
Note: You can read the installation instruction included in the component package. Some component/module have special install steps